Parents Like Partners Why We Choose Partners - 1444 Words

Parents like Partners: Why we choose partners similar to our parents Final Research Paper Risham Chaudry Baruch College Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methods 2.1 Participants 2.2 Procedure 3. Results and Discussion 4. Conclusion 5. Citations 1. Introduction Mate selection is a process that most living species have to undergo. The desire to procreate can be described as innate and biologically, we are inclined to search for the optimum partner to procreate with. Prior research has shown that humans have a tendency to find partners that resemble their opposite sex parents. This is not a particularly unheard of phenomenon; Freud popularized the controversial Oedipus complex (Electra complex for women), suggesting that†¦show more content†¦2. Methods 2.1. Participants Volunteer participants will be recruited over the Internet and asked to answer an online questionnaire. Studies have shown that participants are more likely to be honest about themselves and their lives when answering traditional and web-based questionnaires as opposed to a researcher in person. In order to be eligible for the study, the participants will have to be older than 18, will have to claim to be heterosexual, will need to have been raised by one male and one female co-parent and will need to have a current partner. However, most of the data used to support our hypothesis will be gathered from other literature. 2.2 Procedure Participants will be asked basic questions about themselves (regarding sex, age, ideal sex of partner), their current partners (age, sex, simple questions regarding physical appearance) and their parents (ages, mating preferences etc). They will also be asked questions regarding their relationships with their parents, to determine whether the relationship is positive or negative overall and whether they think their parents are or were happily married. All participants will be presented with a consent form. 3. Results and Discussion Several published journal articles were perused in order to learn about the current data available regarding this topic. The researchers for all articles observed preferences in mate selection andShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Arranged Marriage1015 Words   |  5 Pagesfriends with. Parents do not always know who their child is friends with and who they talk to. Parents do not always know what is going on with their child’s life, if a parent does not know what is going on in their child’s life they could choose the wrong person. The idea of a someone picking out a person for you is, crazy. Making you share a lifelong commitment with that person is even crazier. This concept is found in Romeo and Juliet and a few other articles. Parents should not choose who theirRead MoreLove Marriage vs Arranged Marriage!635 Words   |  3 Pagesthe parents. The usual question of love marriage voters against arranged one is that how can anyone ma rry the person whom they don’t know? Amid popular love lore like Soni Mahiwal, India always had a long tradition of arranged marriages. With the advent of the British and the subsequent introduction of British education system more Indians got educated. Education and exposure to the media, started to make people to think and realize they need not be bound by tradition and they can choose theirRead MoreArranged Marriages And Love Marriages1617 Words   |  7 Pagesexclusively selected by a third party (usually their parents), while in a love marriage, people choose their marital partners based on their feelings or attraction for one another. In America and Western Europe, marriages based on love, have dominated their cultures for a long time and, as a result, when it comes to arranged marriages, most American’s first reaction would be: â€Å"Oh! This kind of marriage is so relentless and incredible, because we have no voice.† However, times are changing, and soRead MoreDomestic Violence Presentation Of Dor een Lesane901 Words   |  4 Pagesbe murder when they are trying to leave an abuse spouse, and this is also refer as separation violence. Nevertheless it is important not to judge these individual and to handle the case in a professional matter. As social workers it is essential that we safety guide our client with their approval, out of domestic situation by providing resource, support, understanding and professional services. Two Main points: What is domestic violence and how to help clients create safety nets? Andre WardRead MoreSummary Of Immigrant Daughter And Loose Change Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesliberation in different aspects of their lives like the education, relationships, and independence. Each one of them finds a different way to deal with their problems but the process that they go through to find liberation is different for them. In the â€Å"Migrant Daughter†, Fran slowly becomes more and more interested in education, and later she realizes that with education and knowledge she can build a better life for herself. Because very early on we read that Fran is unhappy with the situation thatRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On People1708 Words   |  7 Pages What is domestic violence? Domestic violence is when a person uses a physical violence such as threats, intimidation, isolation, stalking, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and taking control over another partner in a relationship (Understanding abuse). This happens every day to thousands of people all over the world. It’s a serious issue and people don t realize how serious it is. It’s killing people, ruining families, and leaving a lasting impact on people. Each year, 2 million people are injuredRead MoreEssay On Control Of Parents In Romeo And Juliet830 Words   |  4 PagesLove is one of the most powerful choices we make in life. Since we were born, our parents, peers, and family have always wanted the best for us, and some choices we make like who we date and think about if you want to spend the rest of your life with that person. Your parents have a big influence on your life choices. To most people, having their parents decide whether or not they can marry someone, isnt what most people prefer. The idea of having parents help you to decide or just decide whetherRead MoreThe Family And Family Members Behavior1085 Words   |  5 Pagesof producing one child to the age of 18is about a fourth part of a million bucks. Then we place our time, energy, and money in our youngsters then they can get up and entrust us. That is considered parental success. However, as an economic decision, how can this be considered a â€Å"rational† alternative? Kids are clearly an economic liability, and the days when we could reckon on them for care of elderly parents appears all but went away. Also, anyone obse rving sibling fights or marital strife is usuallyRead MoreDescribe Ways in Which Concept of Family Has Changed Across Cultures and over Time (Sociology)1442 Words   |  6 Pagesof lone parents, homosexual partners, or foster parents are obviously increasing. It can be the cause of the changes in law. In today’s world people have more rights than they had about 50 years ago. Especially women won their equality, so they can raise their children on their own or get married to other women. Same sex marriage is something new in the world (it first became legal in Netherlands in 2001). However, it is believed that same sex relationship existed since the ancient times. We can findRead MoreCommunication At Close Relationships : Friends, Family, And Partner1035 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication in Close Relationships: Friends, Family, and Close Partners Austin Waite Interpersonal Communication Instructor: Kristine Clancy December 7, 2015  Communication in Close Relationships: Friends, Family, and Close Partners Introduction: Communication, a connection between people or places, is important in any relationship, whether it be with a teacher about homework, or your parents about school. â€Å"Most people have never learned how to communicate.   Without this skill, a person is

Jane Austen And Jane Eyre - 1967 Words

Pride and the Prejudice – Jane Austen Jane Eyre – Charlotte Bronte How is social class explored in both texts through the use of stylistic devices and how do the different perspectives help appeal to the audience? Introduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices, which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte also developed her feminist†¦show more content†¦The setting of both of these novels are representative of social class due to all the places mentioned above being significant landmarks in England and places in which only popular people went to. It is believed that from an audience perspective, the setting of both novels adequately illustrates how society and the social ladder is depicted. The language used perfectly exemplifies this, enabling readers to understand the era and how society was within t hat time. A significant difference in both of the books is the way in which Bronte uses her own life experiences and displays them in Jane throughout the book. Charlotte Bronte, much like Jane in the novel was an orphan, both grew up without a mother and both were sent to a boarding school. Social class in Pride and Prejudice is determined between internal merit (goodness of person) and external merit (rank and possessions). This is different in Jane Eyre as she is pleased with her position in society, she does not judge or put down those of a lower status due to knowing what it is like. An example of this is where she takes the positon of a teacher and she feels as though she has â€Å"taken a step which is sinking her instead of raising her in the scale of social existence.† And although this may sound rude, she then mentions that she must not forget that these â€Å"coarsely-clad little peasants are flesh and blood as good as the scions of gentlest genealogy.† As re aders of CharlotteShow MoreRelatedMarxist Criticism In Jane Eyre And Mansfield Park By Jane Austen1088 Words   |  5 PagesJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and Mansfield Park by Jane Austen have many things in common but also contrast in many different ways. Marxist criticism shows how they relate and differ. Jane Eyre is about a young girl who lives with an abusive family and is sent away because she is unliked. Mansfield Park also similar to Jane Eyre, with Fanny Price living with an abusive family after her true family sends her away because they are so poor. When applying Marxist criticism how they are treated, whereRead MoreAn Analysis Of Jane Austen s Jane Eyre 1049 Words   |  5 PagesWhen Jane left me, to retire, I longed for sleep to overcome me. But it would not. Oh, how I hate when one can not enter into a deep sleep, that is when the deepest, darkest thoughts come to mind. When one has the time to ponder life’s mysteries, to reflect on life’s hardships and when one has the time to reflect on what one should and should not have said. It was long after Jane left me, when my deepest fears, darkest memories and worst secrets came to mind. What if Jane found out? Jane, Jane, loveliesRead MorePride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte alsoRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Emily, Wuthering Heights, And Jane Eyre924 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis The novels Emma, Wuthering Heights, and Jane Eyre were written by women in the 1800’s. The three writers chose to write and publish their novels under a different name from their own. Emma was written by Jane Austen, and published anonymously in 1815 (Behrens and Rosen 361). Emily Brontà « wrote Wuthering Heights, and was published in 1847 under the name Ellis Bell (Behrens and Rosen 368). The author of Jane Eyre, who was also the sister of Emily Brontà «, was Charlotte Brontà «. ThisRead More Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre: Love and Characterization2663 Words   |  11 Pagesmore reserved. Though a love can be expressed differently, this does not mean the people involved love each other any less. There are countless novels that focus on the love between characters, and each character loves differently. In Jane Eyre, Mr. Rochester and Jane have an impassioned affair, this affair is cut short by Jane’s realization that Mr.Rochester already has ties to another wom an. In Pride and Prejudice, it is clear that Elizabeth Bennet and Fitzwilliam Darcy love each other very deeplyRead MoreCompare And Contrast Emma And Wuthering Heights1562 Words   |  7 Pagesinclined to read the rest of the novel. Jane Austen’s Emma, Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights and Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre are considered classic literary works of the nineteenth century; it is probable that their success could be attributed to having a masterful introductory chapter. This conjecture can be supported through the fact that many similarities can be found among each of the chapters. To delve into what makes Emma’s, Wuthering Heights’s and Jane Eyre’s introductory chapters truly captivatingRead MoreSocial Class - Jane Eyre/Pride and Prejudice1761 Words   |  8 PagesExamine the use of the theme of social class in ‘Jane Eyre’ and how this is illuminated by your reading of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ by Jane Austen. The novel ‘Jane Eyre’ highlights the idea of social class and the position of women in society. It tells the story of how protagonist Jane progresses through different social classes in life, beginning as the low position of an orphan and ending in the higher position of being both wealthy and married. Charlotte Bronte’s own social background was thatRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1231 Words   |  5 PagesJane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte, and Pride and Prejudice, written by Jane Austen, are two well-known 18th and 19th century novels written by women. Jane Eyre follows part of Elizabeth Bennet’s life as she and her sisters begin courtships and finally marry. In Jane Eyre, the story follows the life of an orphan girl, Jane Eyre, as she grows up and lives amidst many disappointments and hardship after hardship. Although both stories have much romance in them, they are written in very differentRead MoreFemale Writers Have Made A Great Impact On Literature Throughout History886 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own back stories. Two of the greatest female writers in history were Jane Austen and Emily Brontà «. Although they are both well-known female writers, their personal histories influenced there themes and modes of writing very differently. Born into a large family on December 16, 1775 in Hampshire, England, Jane Austen was the seventh child of eight. Her family was very close and affectionate toward each other. Although Jane never married, she had a diverse social circle due to her many friends andRead MoreComparison Of Jane Eyre And Pride And Prejudice 2081 Words   |  9 PagesContrast the Social Caste System and Personal Ideations in the books â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Emily Bronte and â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austin Two names that ran the gauntlet of 19th century romance and changed the way on how it was written and depicted forever. These two history changing authors names were Jane Austen and Emily Bronte. Two well-known novels of the 19th century (â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Emily Bronte and â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austin) both have similarities, but also differences on how the characters

Analysis Of Fareed Zakaria s The Rise Of Illiberal Democracy

do Prof. Helligso U.S Gov 10 Nov, 2014 Fareed Zakaria’s The Rise of Illiberal Democracy is an article discussing his point of view about illiberal and liberal democracies. He explains how democracy is now simply viewed together with liberalism altogether and how they went hand in hand with the writing of our constitution. This article informs you about how the mix of liberalism and democracy seems to have affected the Civil Rights Movement. He informs the reader about how illiberal democracy can lead to disputes, and disagreements which could lead to a civil war and even genocide. With the Civil Rights Movement, the use of liberties the blacks did have were used efficiently to accomplish desegregation in most aspects of life.†¦show more content†¦In the United States, we have a liberal democracy meaning our rights and liberties are protected. The US also has a multiparty electoral system with free and fair participation and a checks and balances system that prevents a single party from taking so vereign control. Liberal democracy is a political system that is supported by free and fair elections, but also a separation of powers between branches and the protection of its citizens basic liberties such as, freedom of speech, assembly, property, and religion (Zakaria 22). Constituitonal liberalism is mostly based on limiting power in government, while democracies tend to be more about its accumulation and use (Zakaria 30). Next, Illiberal democracy is also a free and fair democracy, but there are certain holds placed by the government, such as freedom of speech, religion and assembly. Illiberal governments also mostly focus on the governments overall goals â€Å"Constitutional liberalism, on the other hand, is not about the procedures for selecting government, but rather government s goals† (Zakaria 25), proceeding to say that, â€Å"It refers to the tradition, deep in Western history, that seeks to protect an individual s autonomy and dignity against coercion, whatever the source -- state, church, or society† (Zakaria 26). In an illiberal democracy voting is fair and free, but being that it is liberal their voter are misinformed about certain issues due to their lack Analysis Of Fareed Zakaria s The Rise Of Illiberal Democracy Sebastian Giraldo Prof. Helligso U.S Gov 10 Nov, 2014 Fareed Zakaria’s The Rise of Illiberal Democracy is an article discussing his point of view about illiberal and liberal democracies. He explains how democracy is now simply viewed together with liberalism altogether and how they went hand in hand with the writing of our constitution. This article informs you about how the mix of liberalism and democracy seems to have affected the Civil Rights Movement. He also explains how illiberal democracy can lead to civil war and genocide. With the Civil Rights Movement, the use of liberties the blacks did have were used efficiently to accomplish desegregation in most aspects of life. In the article, Fareed Zakaria explains the difference between a liberal and illiberal democracy. He starts with liberal democracy, which is a free and fair voting system that protects its citizen’s liberties, much like the one found in the US. liberal democracy started in Western Europe and the US, and created rights and freedoms which sec ured government protection for citizens, as said by Zakaria, â€Å"To secure these rights, it emphasized checks on the power of each branch of government, equality under the law, impartial courts and tribunals, and separation of church and state† (Zakaria 26). In the United States, we have a liberal democracy meaning our rights and liberties are protected. The US also has a multiparty electoral system with free and fairShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Fareed Zakaria s The Rise Of Illiberal Democracy1353 Words   |  6 PagesNov, 2014 Fareed Zakaria’s The Rise of Illiberal Democracy is an article discussing his point of view about illiberal and liberal democracies. He explains how democracy is now simply viewed together with liberalism altogether and how they went hand in hand with the writing of our constitution. This article informs you about how the mix of liberalism and democracy seems to have affected the Civil Rights Movement. He informs the reader about how illiberal democracy can lead to disputes,Read MoreSummary Of The Book Fareed Zakaria 1563 Words   |  7 PagesIn his book, Fareed Zakaria concretely explores the vicissitudes of democracy’s limitations and thus offers exemplary arguments for the need for economic liberty followed by constraints and proper measures to prevent countries from descending into chaos. There is irrefutable credibility and merit to his assertion that conducting competitively fair and open elections, while failing to ensure the guarantee of liberties t hat are essential for the nation to flourish and prosper— is insufficient for aRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 Pagesexpatriate group and make up $4.5 percent of the private sector according to official statistic^.^ ~ o sof these people perform menial jobs in the service and t construction industriese3Expatriate Arabs form another 9.4 percent of the citys s.~ workforce and the remaining 1.9 percent are ~ u r o ~ e a nThe reason that so many foreign workers have flocked to Dubai is quite simple - to make money. Although lowpaying jobs hammering steel and cleaning floors may not sound very appealing, they

The Comparison Between Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games...

The Hunger Games is a science fiction novel written by the American author Suzanne Collins that was published in 2008. A film adaptation directed by Gary Ross was released in 2012. Although some movie adaptations differ greatly from the original stories presented in the books, this adaptation follows the plot development in an unusually detailed manner. However, certain changes were made that influence our perception of the movie. The Hunger Games exhibits a variety of sci-fi features that confirm her placement in this genre. The plot is set in the dystopian, post-apocalyptic society of Panem that rose up out of the ashes of the place that was once called North America (Collins). One can only speculate about the year because no exact†¦show more content†¦The Games fulfil their purpose of terrifying the people of the Districts and thus preventing them to rebel against the government as they once tried. If the consequence of the last rebellion were the Hunger Games, there is no way of knowing whether or not the Capitol would destroy every one of them were they to fail again: â€Å"How little chance we would stand of surviving another rebellion† (Collins). Panem is a truly totalitarian state, where dictatorship rules, with a tremendous difference between the rich, who live in the Capitol and the Districts nearest to it, and the poor, especially the outer Districts like Eleven or Twelve: â€Å"Wha t it must be like, I wonder, to live in a world where food appears at the press of a button?†(Collins). In such a society the bonds between people outside one’s family are weak and trust does not come easily, of which Katniss is the best example. The question whether love is possible in such conditions remains throughout the trilogy, as Katniss has to sort out her feelings towards Gale and Peeta and decide without whom she cannot live. However, in the first book the reader finds out that she never wants to have kids, meaning she would not want to expose her children to the dangers of the Games. The movie essentially preserves the original genre of the text, although it mostly focuses on the adventurous parts, and meticulously tries to follow the main plot but certain alterations wereShow MoreRelatedThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins878 Words   |  4 PagesThe motion picture The Hunger Games, which premiered in 2012 was a book first published in 2009, written by Suzan ne Collins. Usually film adaptations of a book usually are worse then the book itself. The Hunger Games was no exception. If someone did not read the book, they should expect to be very confused during the movie. The movie left a lot of important parts out and did not explain why things were the way they were. Putting the gaps in the storyline aside, the acting portrayed from JenniferRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesKelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra SoftwareRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPerception? 166 Factors That Influence Perception 167 165 Person Perception: Making Judgments About Others 168 Attribution Theory 168 †¢ Common Shortcuts in Judging Others 170 †¢ Specific Applications of Shortcuts in Organizations 173 The Link Between Perception and Individual Decision Making 174 Decision Making in Organizations 175 The Rational Model, Bounded Rationality, and Intuition 175 †¢ Common Biases and Errors in Decision Making 177 Influences on Decision Making: Individual Differences and

Strategic E-Business Carl Zeiss Supplier Company †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Strategic E-Business Carl Zeiss Supplier Company. Answer: Initiatives by Carl Zeiss company with its supplier company Carl Zeiss a globally known supplier of optical and optoelectronic products. The firm headquarters is Oberkochen, having over 14000 workers. Due to the rapid increase in an importance of integrated optician chain system for one of its division the Ophthalmic Products Division, there grew a need for this section to implement the logistic initiative to focus the needs of individual chain sharply (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). This division IT function decided to make a reduction on the integrations time total time in the recent chains to the input Zeiss system by creating a much lean and flexibility structure to enable suppliers to enhance online ordering system and supply chain visibility. To ensure that the above objectives fulfilled, the OPD evaluated two initiatives as an integration platform to standardize all interfaces on this sector which are; SAP Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI) This initiative is in the OPD IT department for a pilot project. SAP XI is a strategic application system for Carl Zeiss application development and most of its interfaces are moving towards and away from SAP. OPD applied SAP XI in development and a production function and used two interfaces in XI (Demil et.al, 2015). The installation and fundamental interface development process to the IT department was carried out by a consultant from SAP. The initial phase was responsible for sending all changes on prices from SAP R/3 to the products catalog application while the second phase was enabling all physical moving from a customization production function to SAP R/3. Completed installation took 40 workdays on the two interfaces including the designing, putting codes, the testing process and deployment. These phases were successfully installed in regular production system making the pilot project seen a success and OPD based its integration plan on SAP XI (Gerow et.al, 2015). Several challenges like staff need to get used to a new way of thinking involving a single hub where all the data passed through and the incompatibility between the present version tools and the new was a challenge. The IT function plans to restore four of its main processes and replaces them with automatic system of SAP XI version three. The primary objectives of the SAP were to ensure faster time-to-market, flexible infrastructure, and reduced integration cost. Integrating International Partners Online Due to the increasingly global needs, Carl Zeiss company had to change to better performing process systems and integrate partnering companies through internet particularly those who handle on site customer equipment maintenance and quickly share information on products and services. The company had to transit from SAP R/3 software to my SAP ERP to build a more future-oriented and more efficient IT structures which in turn the company decided to use SAP Ramp-Up (Gerow et.al, 2014). Using SAP Ramp-Up system its easy send feedback and ideas from development function to the SAP project on development. The main issue during the upgrade was to improve relationship with partners using Web-based processes. Additional implementation security, the SAP Going Live check service which was is a free package of my SAP ERP ramp-up system. The upgraded service analyzed core business functions, safeguarded the companys go-live process with the right performing parameters. SAP Ramp-up acted as the pri mary contact channel for the SAP consultancy function and gave the Carl Zeiss optical with on-site advice guaranteed a high level of buy-in stable performance, faster response to the problem of notifications as well as more industry orientation of the company. Integration of inter-organizational information systems Integration of information systems (IS) refers to the process of instance interconnecting or unifying of previously separated information systems or elements into a functioning unified whole. IS integration in inter-organization is distinguished either by the intensity of integration or flexibility of integration. The depth of integration describes the extent and strength of IS inter-organizational integration; this is a measure to assess the degree to which objectives of integration achieved. Integration intensity can be further specified using two criteria that is scope and type of integration. The range of integration denotes the number of IS elements integrated with corresponding elements of other IS, these items may either be categorized in the following six different dimension. (Spieth, Schneckenberg and Ricart, 2014). It assumed that the higher the intensity of integration the better it is to achieve the objectives and vice versa. Types of integration describe how elements of IS are integrated, forms of integration are either interconnection or unification. Interconnections may subdivide into details based on the degree of automation that is either partially or wholly automated. Partly mechanical interconnection is achieved when the interactions between integration elements are executed by software while partially automated made when the workforce is required to initialize or control the communication (Woodside and LaPlaca, 2015). A fully automated interconnection compared to somewhat helps to reduce the cost to avoid redundancies and enhance productivity. The other type of interconnection is unification which refers to the process where two or more integration items are into one. Standardization leads to a higher intensity of integration compared to integration by interconnection. The flexibility of integration describes the ease with which integration solutions redesigned and new integration solutions implemented. High flexibility of integration ensures the cost to adjust the combination and switching into another alliance partner an acceptable level. Flexibility in integration can be using two distinct criteria that is; scope of standard usage and type of and compliance with standards, here standards /rules refers to the technical specification to which products must conforming order to be compatible (Simon, D., Fischbach and Schoder, 2014). The criterion scope of normal usage describes how many items are an integrated basis of standards; the greater the extent of standard usage the higher is the flexibility of integration. Types and compliance with standards facilitate redesigning, implementation or collaborating partners with other business partners (Veit et.al, 2014). Different standards include; standard dissemination which is on whether the standard is widely accepted, standard specification addresses the scope of regulations that specify the application of a standard and standard compatibility which describes whether a standard is compatible with other or same versions or same criteria. References Galliers, R. D., Leidner, D. E. (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Demil, B., Lecocq, X., Ricart, J. E., Zott, C. (2015). Introduction to the SEJ special issue on business models: business models within the domain of strategic entrepreneurship.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,9(1), 1-11. Gerow, J. E., Thatcher, J. B., Grover, V. (2015). Six Types of IT-Business Strategic Alignment: An investigation of the constructs and their measurement.European Journal of Information Systems,24(5), 465-491. Gerow, J. E., Grover, V., Thatcher, J. B., Roth, P. L. (2014). Looking toward the future of IT-business strategic alignment through the past: A meta-analysis.Mis Quarterly,38(4), 1059-1085. Spieth, P., Schneckenberg, D., Ricart, J. E. (2014). Business model innovationstate of the art and future challenges for the field.RD Management,44(3), 237-247. Woodside, A. G., LaPlaca, P. J. (2014).Handbook of strategic e-business management. Springer, Barcelona, Spain. Simon, D., Fischbach, K., Schoder, D. (2014). Enterprise architecture management and its role in corporate strategic management.Information Systems and e-Business Management,12(1), 5-42. Veit, D., Clemons, E., Benlian, A., Buxmann, P., Hess, T., Kundisch, D., ... Spann, M. (2014). Business models.Business Information Systems Engineering,6(1), 45-53.

Consumer Product Company

Question: Discuss about the Consumer Product Company. Answer: Introduction: Consumer product company are the companies which provide merchandise and other items which are used by the consumers on a regular basis. Logistics is defined as the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods and services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of confronting to customers requirements. (Council of Logistics Management) Logistics plays a vital role for such companies as the customers will switch to another product if the companys product is not available and to maintain a high level of service, huge costs are to be borne by the company in terms of inventory carrying costs. Thus the important logistics operational characteristics of consumer product company are: Complex distribution set up: As the consumer goods are regularly used by the customers, the products must be available in every nook and corner of the region where the company wants to increase its presence. High Inventory: The consumer product company has to maintain a high level of inventory in each store to provide high customer service to the customers. If the companies do not provide high level of inventory the customers may chose a competitor and will result in lost sales and loss of customer to the company. Regular replenishment of the inventory: The consumer product company has to regularly refill the goods sold to maintain high level of inventory. High fleet size: The consumer product company has a large number of vehicles in its fleet to have sufficient vehicles to regularly replenish the inventory. The various problem areas mentioned in the case are: Reduce the total logistics cost: The company Customer has been incurring high costs in the logistics of the products due to a large number of warehouses, higher fleet size, high inventory carrying cost. The company has done multiple acquisition in the recent past because of which it has overlapping network distribution. The company also has to maintain a high level of customer service which further increases the total cost. The aim of the company is to reduce its total logistics cost by $1 million. Reduce the distribution points within the network: The company has 64 warehouses in the region which are supplying products to the customers. The customer orders and volumes vary from one region to another. Thus company wants to reduce the distribution points within the network to 55 while having same efficiency as it currently has and be able to satisfy all the customers in the network. Improve inventory management systems: The company wanted to consolidate their outbound shipments of the ware houses to reduce the total inventory of the system. Thus a better inventory management which can notify when the distribution centres should send the vehicles to replenish the inventory, what should be the quantity of inventory the distribution centers and stores should keep and which route to be used to minimize time and reduce fuel consumption to maximize the profit of the company. Improve Customer service level: The customers of the company has been requesting for more inventory to be available so that they have a large range of products to choose from and if the inventory levels are high, they dont have to be disappointed because of stock out. They also demanded 24/ 7 flexibility so that they can order the products whenever they want and the product should be delivered to them. The customers have requested for the delivery of the products to be on the same day or next day. Thus company has to focus on these parameters to improve the customer service level while reducing the number of distribution centres. The specific area of logistics considered in the case is reduction of number of warehouses to reduce the total logistics cost of the company while maintaining the same service level. The activities in the logistics can be divided into Core activities and supporting activities. Core activities: Core activities are the activities which are required for the completion of logistics task. They contribute the most to the total cost involved in the logistics. Core activities include transportation of goods and services, inventory management, flow of information and order processing and maintaining customer service. These activities are the most important in a consumer product company as the goods are to be transported regularly to the customers. Supporting activities: The supporting activities of the logistics are the material handling, purchasing, protective packaging, information maintenance. These activities help in getting the core activities completed at a faster rate. The target areas of improvement are: Reduce the total logistics cost, Reduce the distribution points within the network, Improve inventory management systems, and Improve Customer service level. The reduction in total cost and distribution points are part of the core activities whereas the improvement in customer service level and inventory management are part of supporting activities. Lean technique is used by the companies to reduce the cost and the wastage as much as possible by the company. This method is more suitable for the companies which have high volume and low variability of purchase orders. Thus for consumer products company, the volumes are high and the variability is low thus it makes sense to use the lean technique of supply chain Agile technique is used by the companies to be highly flexible to the changing conditions of the company. This method is used by the companies which want to quickly adapt to any change in the demand, technology and economic conditions. The companies have to adjust their sourcing, logistics and sales to adapt to the agile supply chain. Thus for consumer products company, the variability is low and the demand is not much affected by the changes in economic conditions. Thus it should not use the agile technique of supply chain as the costs of the agile technique are much higher. The consultant has reduced the number of warehouses to reduce the total cost of the logistics currently incurred by the company. The company has done multiple acquisition in the recent past because of which it has overlapping network distribution. Thus to reduce the excess warehouses and to optimize the network distribution, the company has reduced the number of warehouses. With the reduction in warehouses, the time taken by the company to make goods available to all the customers will increase. Thus the company will have to make arrangement and have proper planning to assure that the goods are delivered in time to the customers. The transportation cost of the company will increase as the distance between the warehouse and the customers will increase which in turn will increase fuel cost and transportation cost for the company. The reduction in warehouses can lead to reduction in customer service level. As the customers require the products to be delivered the same day or the next day, the reduction in number of warehouses will make it difficult for the company to reach the customers on time thus reducing customer service level. References Lim Matt. (2014). Agile vs Lean Supply Chain Management. Retrieved from https://blog.procurify.com/2014/04/22/agile-lean-supply-chain-management/ Speh Thomas. (2009). Understanding Warehouse Costs and Risks. Retrieved from https://warehousing-forum.com/news/KB_v24n07_June2009.pdf Ecklund David. (2010). Warehousing Efficiency and Effectiveness in the Supply Chain Process. Retrieved from https://www.scmr.com/article/warehousing_efficiency_and_effectiveness_in_the_supply_chain_process

Interpersonal and E-Communication Professional Business

Question: Discuss about the Interpersonal and E-Communicationfor Professional Business. Answer: Introduction Communication is important when it comes to achieving the goals of any business. With easy flow of information among the staff and between the managers and employees then the set visions can be reached with less struggle. Augment human capabilities are well facilitated through contemporary telecommunication (Wood, p. 22). The scale and rhythm of our lives have been affected by such issues which have now become essential to the global economy that we all depend on. Just like any other business running an educational institution requires one to embrace contemporary issues related to communication among staff, students and parents. When one has effective communication skills then their businesses are made to flourish in many ways. It often provides room for opportunities which influence trends, perceptions and conversations. It also ensures close ties with important stakeholders in the business like teachers, parents, support staff and students (McLean, p. 10). Effective communication e nsures faster problem solving and proper decision making which is based on reliable information. It increases steadier work flow as well as productivity. It also ensures employees engage well with their work thus leading to improved job satisfaction and lowers the turnover of employees. Communication Communication: There is need to extend our personal capabilities to various stakeholders when running a school business. Technical means are used to augment and also extend the natural capabilities of writing, speaking, drawing as well as counting so as to provide a diversity that is rich in all ways of communicating (Fulk and Boyd, p. 408). This results to an impressive number of mass communication facilities and intercommunication. A school business is well run on telecommunication capabilities among all the stakeholders. Therefore, there is need to understand the application of television, telephone, facsimile and electronic mails as means of communicating. The distribution and exchange of information is what is termed as communication. In a school business this is crucial because there is a lot of information that needs to be shared between the school management, students and parents/guardians (Habermas, p. 100). Communication in such a setup could be one way for example if its an announcement or two ways where we have interactive exchange where the information is transmitted in one way at a particular time. It could also be simultaneous where data is exchanged at once in two directions between machines. This has been evident in a school set up where teachers may be required to submit in students results online to a common exam control centre thus simultaneous communication (Gray and Robertson pg 26-28). This kind of communication has its own merits and demerits. For instance such a system may be compromised by some staff that could hack into the system and tamper with students results. But on a larger picture its quite convenient and ensures faster transactions and efficient running of the institution. A lot of information can be shared among departments in a school without having to set up a physical meeting which could be time and resource consuming (Fulk and Boyd, p. 436). Telecommunication Telecommunication: This form of communication facilitates distance exchange of information. This can include different forms of communication like the use of newspapers, telephone and letters. However, it has customarily been associated with electronic communication only which includes communication via radio, television, telephone and data exchange (Kalla, p. 308). This can be done between people, people and machines as well as between machines to achieve distribution or exchange of information separated by some distance. Its the most convenient means of passing information in a school business. However, it has its own limits like there is limited understanding of the information for instance if an advert has been placed in a newspaper some parents may fail to understand the information therein and may require explanation from the school (McLean, p. 10). It is also not convenient to all stakeholders; not all parents are literate and therefore may not easily get to know what the comm unication is all about. Communication via radio, television or telephone could be quite expensive to the institution unlike calling for a one on one meeting with the stakeholders. However, that notwithstanding, telecommunication is the way of doing business in the current economy (Barry and Fulmer, p. 274). Its the easiest way to attract more clientele by the institution, its also faster and the information reaches the intended recipient on time. Telecommunication is achieved in different ways such as Intercommunication This is where information flows between two sites which could involve computers or persons. If computers are involved then the intercommunication is done on demand, happening between units which are authorized for communication. For example, there could be a command to send student registration from administration offices to various faculties to facilitate processing of examination materials (Gaines-Ross, p. 9). There may be miscommunication if the person in charge of commands makes a mistake and the right information could be send to the wrong department. Also in case of power shortage data may be lost if there was no backup within the system. In cases where people are involved this works on mutual agreement between the concerned parties and with continuous communication they format the contents of the information to meet the necessary requirements (Barry and Fulmer, p. 274). Intercommunication services at times become congested especially during peak periods thus denying potential users some services. It therefore limits the number of people that can be served at a particular time with certain equipment. Mass Communication This is where information is sent from a single transmitter to a big number of recipients without needed response from those receiving the information. Such kind of communication rarely suffers limitations in capacity i.e. there is no limit on the number of sites that can get some certain services (Wood, p. 22). This is quite convenient when running an academic institution which has got parents from different regions. Through mass communication information such as parents, teachers association meeting dates can easily be communicated. It has however a limited number of originators that can carry out operations simultaneously. For example, for the radio only a certain number of frequency is usually available while for the television a limit to the number of channels used is set by the different characteristics of the cable used in distributing the signals (Pearson and Nelson, p. 6). Mass communication can also be achieved through use of electronic mails where some information is written and copied to different recipients. This has made communication faster and cheaper compared to the usual way of writing and posting letters (Markus, p. 517). For example to call for a staff meeting, what the principal needs to do is simply write a mail to their deputies and then copy the same to his staff. This however has its own limits in the sense that not all staff members can have access to their mails on a daily basis and some are likely to miss out on the meeting dates. Also internet use is prone to hacking and confidential information or data is likely to leak out to the wrong recipient (Burleson and Planalp, p. 223). Impact of Language on Communication We often use words to represent some aspects of our environment and therefore they play some important roles in communication. The words use may be to describe an important concept or idea and therefore one should assess the audience first. All in all using language to communicate ideas should be done in the simplest way possible. For example, the kind of words used to address children in a nursery class within a school should be different from the ones used while addressing senor staff at school (Pearson and Nelson, p. 6). Its advisable to avoid the use of slang and jargon while communicating some official information. The ability of simplifying a concept makes it easier to communicate. However, in some cases it makes people lose track of the meaning of what one is trying to convey through summary (Pandey and Garnett, p. 47). All in all for effective communication keep it simple but official depending with the recipient or audience. Conclusion For any profession to be successful there is need for the managers and employees to communicate effectively with one another, with those outside their organization and with people from different cultures. The need for communication is sharing information and it happens in different ways like a simple but successful transfer of information and negotiation between sender and receiver where they reach an agreed meaning. In some situations the receiver could create a different message from the one conveyed by the sender but finally they have to reach a consensus. (Cronen and Pearce, p. 68). Communication skills are essential in all the career paths that people pursue. Someone may have great ideas that can contribute to their career growth but if they cannot express them clearly then they are as good as nothing. For instance if one wants a school to grow and attract more students, then good communication is key. The person dealing with recruiting students should be convincing enough to th e visiting parents as to why they should consider enrolling their children into the school. The school head should also develop good communication with their staff because they cannot run the institution minus teaching staff. To maintain all these staff then good communication is necessary. The world is full of good entrepreneurs but lacks good communicators (Pearson and Nelson, p. 6). Therefore having good communication skills should be taken as an opportunity to stand out from the high competition in the business world. References Pearson, J., Nelson, P. (2000). An introduction to human communication: understanding and sharing (p. 6). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. McLean, S. (2005). The basics of interpersonal communication (p. 10). Boston, MA: Allyn Bacon. Cronen, V., Pearce, W. B. (1982). The coordinated management of meaning: A theory of communication. In F. E. Dance (Ed.), Human communication theory (pp. 6189). New York, NY: Harper Row. Wood, J. (1997). Communication in our lives (p. 22). Boston, MA: Wadsworth. Habermas, J. (1984). The theory of communicative action (Vol. 1, p. 100). Boston, MA: Beacon Press. Barry, B., Fulmer, I. S. (2004). The medium and the message: The adaptive use of communication media in dyadic influence. Academy of Management Review,29, 272- 292. Burleson, B. R., Planalp, S. (2000). Producing emotion(al) messages. Communication theory, 10, 221-250. Fulk, J., Boyd, B. (1991). Emerging theories of communication in organizations. Journal of Management, 17, 407-446. Pandey, S. and Garnett, J. (2006). Exploring Public Sector Communication Performance: Testing a Model and Drawing Implications. Public Administration Review, 66 (1), p. 37-51. Markus, L. (1994). Electronic Mail as the Medium of Managerial Choice. Organization Science, 5 (4), p. 502-527. Gaines-Ross, L. (2003). How To Build A Great CEO Reputation. Strategic Communication Management, 7 (5), p. 9. Gray, R. and Robertson, L. (2005). Effective Internal Communication Starts at the Top.Communication World (July-August), p. 26-28. Kalla, H. (2005). Integrated Internal Communications: A Multidisciplinary Perspective.Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 10 (4), p. 302-314.

Should We Be Equipped With Global Issues free essay sample

In modern society, it is really easy to be informed of global issues. It is often said that knowing all the issues deters people from concentrating on ones life. However, I believe that it is more beneficial for people to recognize what is going around the world for two reasons: globalization and models. To begin with, the world is interconnected, affecting every single person around the world. This is because due to development of communication and transport devices, the world has been brought closer. Also, boundaries among nations are getting meaningless. Therefore, now what is happening on the right opposite side of the earth can directly have impact on one person. For example, when nine-eleven terror occurred, the United States strengthened its security level. This hinders people from entering the country. I was attending Yale University at that time, and came back to Korea to meet my friends and family during summer vacation. We will write a custom essay sample on Should We Be Equipped With Global Issues? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, due to the serious incident, it took me forever to go back to the US, so I had to miss numerous days of semester. I had to spend a lot of days to explain my situation and solve the problems. This implies that even though the incident did not happened in the county that I stayed, but it directly had impact on my life. Knowing what is happening in the world will enable people to prepare for the disaster. In addition, the reactions for catastrophe of other nations can be a great footstep. This is obvious that history repeats itself. Thus, what happened in different part of the earth can someday occur to me. Hence, Knowing the policy and results of it allows people to cope with incidents cleverly. For instance, there were a lot of serious defect in the Japanese education system, which have deteriorated potentiality of intelligent students. However, Korea was forced to implement Japanese education system, such as unnecessarily strict dress code and cramming and injecting teaching system. Japans position in the global world is now dwindling due to lack of prospective human resources. Thus, Korea is trying to renovate the dull education system to boost creativity and leadership, not to follow the Japans path. This shows that by watching the pathetic consequence of bad policy, the other nation can correct the mistake and get ahead of others, being competitive. To sum up, I firmly believe that people need to know about the current of the global world as it can have influence on each individual and one can figure out the effective solution. All in all, we should not overlook the importance of mutual relations and benefits.

The Path to the Future free essay sample

This paper looks at the political, financial and social future of Korea. This paper presents a discussion about the future of Korea . The author looks to the work of Bruce Cummings Koreas Place in the Sun: A Modern History to illustrate several key goals and points for the future of the nation. The essay examines the changes that should occur within the country over the next decade, including the maturation of a democratic government, reforming the financial system, and improving diplomatic relations between the North and South. The world continues to globalize even in the face of terrorist attacks on America . When the focus moves to another nation there are many things that are occurring during the globalization process. One nation, Korea , is making great strides in many things when it comes to the process; however there are other areas in which it is lacking. The structure of the nation is unique in that it has fought within itself for two types of governments, and those two sides still do not see eye to eye on most issues. We will write a custom essay sample on The Path to the Future or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As we globalize it will be interesting to note how Korea moves to address some of the key issues that she will face. Bruce Cummings, author of Koreas Place in the Sun: A Modern History allows for the possibility that many changes are headed to Korea and he details the way he believes they will happen. While there are some areas that will be addressed as a natural extension of the globalizing process there are several that are going to have to be consciously worked out.

Plato and Aristotle

Almost everyone has heard of the two great philosophers, Plato and Aristotle. Few people though, know much about their life long achievements. Their own personal beliefs and philosophies. In order to understand them, we must fist examine the background of the two philosophers. Plato was born to an aristocratic family in Athens. When Plato was a child, his father died, and his mother married Pyrilampes, who was an associate of the statesman Pericles. As a young individual Plato had political ambitions, but he became disillusioned by the political leadership in Athens. He eventually became a disciple of Socrates. Socrates spent his time talking to people about ethical topics. He hoped by this means to discover definitions of the virtues, thinking that in learning what virtue is he would become virtuous and that this would make his life a happy one. He also hoped to expose other people's false conceit of knowledge about ethical matters, thinking that such conceit prevented them from becoming virtuous and happy. Socrates appealed to some people, but he repelled many others; he also came to be associated in the public mind with anti-democratic factions in Athens. In 399 BC, Socrates was tried on a charge of impiety, convicted, and put to death. Plato wit! nessed the death of Socrates at the hands of the Athenian democracy in 399 BC. By accepting Socrates basic philosophy and dialectical style of debate: the pursuit of truth through questions, answers, and additional questions. In 387 Plato founded the Academy in Athens, the institution often described as the first European university. It provided a comprehensive curriculum, including such subjects as astronomy, biology, mathematics, political theory, and philosophy. Aristotle was the Academy's most prominent student. During his life time, he had wrote many books towards philosophy, however The Republic is the one of more important work in the history of European thought. In essenc...

Top 5 Lucrative Tech Careers You Should Consider

Top 5 Lucrative Tech Careers You Should Consider don’t let the prospect of tedious, isolated computer work dissuade you from exploring careers in it- there are more engaging and compelling options to consider! take a look at this list from aftercollege’s joy miller.   big data scientistas the name implies, this is the big-picture approach to data analysis- you’d be responsible for developing programs and systems to house and investigate data. your ingenuity and creativity will help you identify trends and insightful conclusions, solve problems, and propose areas for growth or company innovation.these positions can pay as much as $188,000 annually, so it’s worth the time and labor-intensive demands of the gig.  computer forensic investigatormake the most of your interest in law enforcement and pursue a bachelor’s degree in computer forensics, information security, or cyber security- you can even get a certification from a computer examiner board. with it, you can help law enforcement and invest igative agencies solve crimes and testify at trial. average salaries can run to $91k.  geospatial analysteven bigger than big data is an analyst that works with global geography and modern technology. where are people living and working and moving, what models can help us predict or analyze their behavior, and what technological resources can help accommodate and address their needs?certifications in geospatial intelligence analytics, cartography, or related fields can help you earn as much as $74k.  software engineerif your degree is in software engineering, computer science, or a related field, chances are you already know about the countless opportunities available to people who can design games, create apps, and write code. whether you find an in-office gig or stay flexible as a freelancing contractor, you could potentially stand to earn as much as $93k.  it consultantthe classic it gig involves finding a company where you’d like to work- based on their products, th eir mission statement, or even just the team you’d get to work with, from a start-up to a massive corporation- and getting your foot in the door. whether you take the late shift or the daily grind, you may earn as much as $94k.

How to Write a Powerful Memoir in 4 Simple Steps

How to Write a Powerful Memoir in 4 Simple Steps How to Write Your Memoir: A 4-Step Guide Memoir is not just a fancy literary term for an autobiography. I say that from the start, because I hear the terms used interchangeably so often. Your memoir will be autobiographical, but it will notbe your life story. Confused yet? Stay with me. Simply put, an autobiography is likely to cover one’s birth to the present - emphasis often on accomplishments, but the more honest and revelatory the better. A memoir draws on selected anecdotes from your life to support a theme and make a point. For instance, if your point is how you came from some unlikely place to where you are now, you would choose scenes from your life to support that. Maybe you came from: The wrong side of the tracks A broken home Having been a victim of abuse Addiction An orphanage To a position of: Wealth Status Happiness Health Faith You might start with memories that show how bad things once were for you. Then you would show pivotal experiences in your life, important people in your transformation, what you learned, and how you applied certain principles to see this vast change. Naturally, the better the stories, the better the memoir. However, great stories are not the point - and frankly, neither is the memoirist (you). What Publishers Look For Don’t buy into the idea that only famous people can sell a memoir. Sure, if you’re a household name and people are curious about you, that’s an advantage. But memoirs by nobodies succeed all the time - and for one reason: they resonate with readers because readers identify with truth. Truth, even hard, gritty, painful truth, bears transferrable principles. Memoirs full of such relatable candor attract readers, and readers are what publishers want. An astute agent or acquisitions editor can predict how relatable a memoir will be and take a chance on one from an unpublished unknown. Agents and editors tell me they love to discover such gems - the same way they love discovering the next great novelist. So, when writing your memoir†¦ You may be the subject, but it’s not about you - it’s about what readers can gain from your story. It may seem counterintuitive to think reader-first while writing in the first-person about yourself. But if your memoir doesn’t enrich, entertain, or enlighten readers, they won’t stay with it long, and they certainly won’t recommend it. Want to save this guide to read, save, or print whenever you wish? Click here. How to Write a Memoir in 4 Steps Know Your Theme Carefully Select Your Anecdotes Write It Like a Novel Tell Your Story (Without Throwing People Under the Bus) Step 1. Know Your Theme And remember, it’s not that you’ve made something of yourself - even if you have. Sorry, but nobody cares except those who already love you. Your understated theme must be, â€Å"You’re not alone. What happened to me can also happen to you.† That’s what appeals to readers. Even if they do come away from your memoir impressed with you, it won’t be because you’re so special - even if you are. Whether they admit it or not, readers care most about their own lives. Imagine a reader picking up your memoir and thinking, What’s in this for me? The more of that you offer, the more successful your book will be. Think transferable principles in a story well told. Cosmic Commonalities All people, regardless of age, ethnicity, location, and social status, share certain felt needs: food, shelter, and love. They fear abandonment, loneliness, and the loss of loved ones. Regardless your theme, if it touches on any of those wants and fears, readers will identify. I can read the memoir of someone of my opposite gender, for whom English is not her first language, of a different race and religion, who lives halfway around the world from me - and if she tells the story of her love for her child or grandchild, it reaches my core. Knowing or understanding or relating to nothing else about her, I understand love of family. Worried About Uniqueness? Many writers tell me they fear their theme has been covered many times by many other memoirists. While it’s true, as the Bible says, that there’s nothing new under the sun, no one has written your story, your memoir, your way. While I still say it’s not about you but really about your reader, it’s you who lends uniqueness to your theme. Write on! How toWrite a Memoir Without Preaching Trust your narrative to do the work of conveying your message. Too many amateurish memoirists feel the need to eventually turn the spotlight on the reader with a sort of â€Å"So, how about you†¦?† Let your experiences and how they impacted you make their own points, and trust the reader to get it. Beat him over the head with your theme and you run him off. You can avoid being preachy by using what I call the Come Alongside Method. When you show what happened to you, if the principles apply to your reader he doesn’t need that pointed out. Give him credit. Step 2. Carefully Select Your Anecdotes The best memoirs let readers see themselves in your story so they can identify with your experiences and apply to their own lives the lessons you’ve learned. If you’re afraid to mine your pain deeply enough tell the whole truth, you may not be ready to write your memoir. There’s little less helpful - or marketable - than a memoir that glosses over the truth. So feature anecdotes from your life that support your theme, regardless how painful it is to resurrect the memories. The more introspective and vulnerable you are, the more effective will be your memoir. Step 3. Write It Like a Novel It’s as important in a memoir as it is in a novel to show and not just tell. Example: Telling My father was a drunk who abused my mother and me. I was scared to death every time I heard him come in late at night. Showing As soon as I heard the gravel crunch beneath the tires and the car door open and shut, I dove under my bed. I could tell by his footsteps whether Dad was sober and tired or loaded and looking for a fight. I prayed God would magically make me big enough to jump between him and my mom, because she was always his first target†¦ Use every trick in the novelist’s arsenal to make each anecdote come to life: dialogue, description, conflict, tension, pacing, everything. Worry less about chronology than theme. You’re not married to the autobiographer’s progressive timeline. Tell whatever anecdote fits your point for each chapter, regardless where they fall on the calendar. Just make the details clear so the reader knows where you are in the story. You might begin with the most significant memory of your life, even from childhood. Then you can segue into something like, Only now do I understand what was really happening. Your current-day voice can always drop in to tie things together. Character Arc As in a novel, how the protagonist (in this case, you) grows is critical to a successful story. Your memoir should make clear the difference between who you are today and who you once were. What you learn along the way becomes your character arc. Point of View It should go without saying that you write a memoir in the first-person. And just as in a novel, the point-of-view character is the one with the problem, the challenge, something he’s after. Tell both your outer (what happens) and your inner (its impact on you) story. Structure In his classic How to Write Bestselling Fiction, novelist Dean Koontz outlines what he calls the Classic Story Structure. Though intended as a framework for a novel, it strikes me that this would be perfect for a memoir too - provided you don’t change true events just to make it work. For fiction, Koontz recommends writers: 1 - Plunge your main character into terrible trouble as soon as possible 2 - Everything he does to try to get out of it makes it only progressively worse until†¦ 3 - His situation appears hopeless 4 - But in the end, because of what he’s learned and how he’s grown through all those setbacks, he rises to the challenge and wins the day. You might be able to structure your memoir the same way merely by how you choose to tell the story. As I say, don’t force things, but the closer you can get to that structure, the more engaging your memoir will be. For your purposes, Koontz’s Terrible Trouble would be the nadir of your life. (If nadir is a new word for you, it’s the opposite of zenith.) Take the reader with you to your lowest point, and show what you did to try to remedy things. If your experience happens to fit the rest of the structure, so much the better. Setups and Payoffs Great novels carry a book-length setup that demands a payoff in the end, plus chapter-length setups and payoffs, and sometimes even the same within scenes. The more of these the better. The same is true for your memoir. Virtually anything that makes the reader stay with you to find out what happens is a setup that demands a payoff. Even something as seemingly innocuous as your saying that you hoped high school would deliver you from the torment of junior high makes the reader want to find out if that proved true. Make ‘em Wait Avoid using narrative summary to give away too much information too early. I’ve seen memoir manuscripts where the author tells in the first paragraph how they went from abject poverty to independent wealth in 20 years, â€Å"and I want to tell you how that happened.† To me, that just took the air out of the tension balloon, and many readers would agree and see no reason to read on. Better to set them up for a payoff and let them wait. Not so long that you lose them to frustration, but long enough to build tension. Step 4. Tell Your Story (Without Throwing People Under the Bus) If you’re brave enough to expose your own weaknesses, foibles, embarrassments, and yes, failures to the world, what about those of your friends, enemies, loved ones, teachers, bosses, and co-workers? If you tell the truth, are you allowed to throw them under the bus? In some cases, yes. But should you? No. Even if they gave you permission in writing, what’s the upside? Usually a person painted in a negative light- even if the story is true- would not sign a release allowing you to expose them publicly. But even if they did, would it be the right, ethical, kind thing to do? All I can tell you is that I wouldn’t do it. And I wouldn’t want it done to me. If the Golden Rule alone isn’t reason enough not to do it, the risk of being sued certainly ought to be. So, What to Do? On the one hand I’m telling you your memoir is worthless without the grit, and on the other I’m telling you not to expose the evildoers. Stalemate? No. Here’s the solution: Changing names to protect the guilty is not enough. Too many people in your family and social orbit will know the person, making your writing legally actionable. So change more than the name. Change the location. Change the year. Change their gender. You could even change the offense. If your own father verbally abused you so painfully when you were thirteen that you still suffer from the memory decades later, attribute it to a teacher and have it happen at an entirely different age. Is that lying in a nonfiction book? Not if you include a disclaimer upfront that stipulates: â€Å"Some names and details have been changed to protect identities.† So, no, don’t throw anyone under the bus. But don’t stop that bus! Common Memoir Mistakes to Avoid Making it too much like an autobiography (missing a theme) Including minutiae Bragging Glossing over the truth Preaching Effecting the wrong tone: funny, sarcastic, condescending How to Start Your Memoir Your goal is to hook your reader, so begin in medias res- in the middle of things. If you start slowly, you lose readers interest. Jump right into the story! Memoir Examples Thoroughly immerse yourself this genre before attempting to write in it. I read nearly 50 memoirs before I wrote mine (Writing for the Soul). Here’s a list to get you started: All Over But the Shoutin’by Rick Bragg (my favorite book ever) Cultivate by Lara Casey A Moveable Feast by Ernest Hemingway Out of Africa by Karen Blixen Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt Still Woman Enough by Loretta Lynn Born Standing Up by Steve Martin The Year of Magical Thinking by Joan Didion This Boy’s Life by Tobias Wolff Molinaby Benjie Molina and Joan Ryan Want to save this guide to read, save, or print whenever you wish? Click here. Are you working on your memoir or planning to? Do you have any questions on how to write a memoir? Share with me in the comments below.

Individual Case Study - Managing under uncertainty

Individual - Managing under uncertainty - Case Study Example Another major difference identified is the way by which the companies want to cater to their target segment. Boeing emphasized on the use of point-to-point system whereas Airbus authorities judged hub-and-spoke system to be more effective for the company and deemed it as the future of the airline industry. 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report attempts to investigate the decision making agenda of the two multinational Aerospace and Defence Corporations namely Airbus and Boeing Airlines Company. The case made it evident that the aerospace industry has been witnessing colossal growths since the last few decades as a result of that rivalry among the established players of the industry also reached an intense state. Despite that, the concern of both the companies was associated with the ways by which they can satisfy the rapidly growing market of aerospace. It has been observed that till the late 1990s, the size of aircrafts grew at an even rate, but since then trend begun to shift drastically an d companies started to manufacture both smaller and jumbo aircrafts (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2009; Ward and Tripp, 2013). The motive of the companies operating in the aircraft industry also shifted from enhancing market share to increase the profit. The companies are now apprehensive over the decision pertaining to the way they can capitalize on the opportunities provided by the industry and market. There were clear indications of the differences between the two companies pertaining to the area of concern. According to the authorities of Airbus, the hub-and-spoke system is the future of the airline industry and is probably the most viable option for successfully catering to the needs of the customers. On the contrary, Boeing emphasized on the use of point-to-point system, which they consider to be the pragmatic approach to satisfy the multi dimensional needs of the consumers. Therefore, a great deal of divergence among the decision making parameter exists between the two establ ishments. This report will make use of the sociological perspective to discover the challenges faced by the companies and on the basis of that companies will be subsequently recommended about the line of attack they should undertake to confront the issues. 2. THE DECISION MAKING FRAMEWORK AT BOEING The history of Boeing goes back to the year 1916, when the company begun its operation in Seattle, Washington, U.S. The company was founded by William Boeing and it is currently headquartered at Chicago, Illinois, United States (Pasiuk, 2005). The company was initially incorporated under the name of Pacific Aero products Company, but within one year of operation the name was changed to Boeing Airplane Company. Due to the previous experience of working in timber industry and knowledge on wooden structure, the designing and manufacturing of airplanes was not at all a complicated task for him. Some of the products manufactured by the company include commercial airlines, military aircrafts, s pace systems, and computer systems. 2a. A sociological perspective The parameters on the basis of which the decisions are made have an insightful impact on the efficacy of the decision (Bryant, 2011; Gates, 1999). Scholars have even mentioned that a number of paradigm have profound impact on the decision

Management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Management accounting - Essay Example Material L10 had a favorable usage variance because the materials used were of higher quality than standard, more effective use of material or there were errors in allocating material to jobs. On the other hand, material L17 had an adverse usage variance because of using defective material, excessive waste, or stricter quality control. The labour rate recorded a favorable variance due to use of workers at a rate of pay that was lower than the standard. Labour efficiency variance was adverse because maybe there was lost time in excess of standard allowed or output was lower than standard set due to lack of training and sub-standard materials. The adverse variable overhead expenditure could have been caused by increase in cost of services or excessive use of services. Variable overhead volume variance was adverse due to the production or the level of activity, labour hours, being less than the budgeted. On the other hand, the adverse fixed overhead expenditure could be caused by the same factors that led to an adverse variable overhead expenditure. This is because of the fact that both fixed and variable overheads were being allocated using the same basis, labour hours. In addition, the production or the level of activity being less than the budgeted can explain the adverse fixed overhead capacity. ABC involves identification of elements, causing the costs of a business’s major activities (Clinton, 2004). Overheads incurred are charged to units based on their cost drivers causing the overheads. The ideas behind ABC are: Both traditional absorption costing and activity base costing systems adopt the two-stage allocation process. However, in allocation of overheads ABC establishes separate pools for support activities such as dispatching (Gunther, 2005). As costs of activities are assigned directly to products through cost driver rates, reapportionment of services department costs is

Film analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Film analysis - Essay Example The scenario is perhaps, one of the serious but not so intimate moments that Helen and Glenn have in the entire film, but it can be considered as one that is normal to take place between the two individuals who are inclined to feel something special for each other. The scenario illustrates the common characteristics of men and women that are often portrayed not just in the movie film, but in reality. The society accepts the point that women are more likely to respond to emotions or their feelings compared to men. Men on the other hand, are viewed to be straightforward, and at some point should establish a remarkable characteristic as someone who is firm enough. When Glenn and Helen talked in the park, the gender issue is substantially showcased. Helen is depicted as the one who relies not only on a hunch, but primarily on both of her feeling or emotion and logic. She tries to establish a remarkable point of understanding things, from the innermost part of one’s being prior down to the external point in order to create the achievement of a successful life management. This is a little bit deeper to understand, but what exactly is important to know here is the thought of how woman might essentially expressed herself in order to receive recognition or a moment of consideration. Helen might therefore not too emotional in this scenario, but she illustrates the importance of feeling and emotion in the decision-making process, as integral components for self-expression. She has substantially shown how important it is to completely rely on the innermost part of an individual in order to make things clearer to the outside world. In other word s, Helen remarkably points the idea of how important it is for a woman to substantially elaborate things, or make it much clear or obvious to understand. That is why it is apparent that Helen has uttered more words compared to the minimal lexes expressed by Glenn. One can captivate these

The merger between two health care systems Research Paper

The merger between two health care systems - Research Paper Example management overlooked potential distrust from local care providers, it also did not focus on the overall inefficiencies as well as the market forces that come about during a merger. Furthermore, the new entity did not have cost-saving skills needed to keep the company a float after the merger; they combined this with poor cultural knowledge and team leadership needed to deal with losers and winners in the arrangement. Pennsylvania witnessed what could potentially be their largest health system yet in the 7th month of 1997 through the creation of Penn State Geisinger Health System. At first, the new unit now had 1342 beds, 1000 physicians, 77 outpatient clinics, 3 hospitals, 1 drug treatment facility as well as patients from about 40 counties in central Pennsylvania (Sidorov, 2003). During the formation process, the two former organizations needed to decide upon executive leadership, so they came up with a methodology for creation of a new board. They took a 50-50 split between board members from both health systems; however, Geisinger got the upper hand in this regard because its representative was the chairperson. He had the power to break ties during votes and he contributed towards a higher ratio of members from his own company; this implies that executive decisions were now skewed towards the chairperson’s former organization. Not all the aspects of the two companies were dissolved as Pen State Hershey would be retaining control of the college of Medicine that was under Hershey Medical Center. Several changes took place throughout the organization; for instance, the Health Plan under Geisinger now became a joint plan whose name accommodated the new change. This had the advantage of increasing the customer base to about a million for the HMO and expanded the geographic regions from which consumers came. The merged unit still maintained the regional demarcations that had been used by Geisinger, and only added Penn state HMC as a forth region which would

Representation of Men and Women in Advertisement Essay

Representation of Men and Women in Advertisement - Essay Example The accent is made on appearance which is defined as the key to success in private and social life. Before you even open any glossy magazine you realize that to appear on the cover of it you need to fit all these criteria. The models in the advertisements of fashion magazines are intentionally unrealistic and unreachable: they seem to be weightless, ephemeral creatures.   Printed media has made it clear that thinness is almost equal to sexual attractiveness and all the women who fall out of the category S and sometimes even XS size do not have any chances to count on the attention of men. The gap between ultra-thin models and normal sizes of ordinary women is so huge that regularly comparison becomes unavoidable.  Ã‚   The most serious is the fact that advertising industry has made it a norm which means that it has managed to impose those unrealistic standards on all women of all classes and all nationalities. Fashion magazines models and Hollywood stars advertising this or that product whose beauty is far from natural- with multiple plastic surgeries and crowds of stylists and hairdressers tell common women how they must look, what they must wear, how they must smell.   For teenage and college girls as well as for adult women being exposed to such an extreme variant of beauty is very stressful. The only company that tried to overcome these stereotypes was Dove who invited women of normal size to advertise their products.

Scientific method Essay Example for Free

Scientific method Essay In recent years, there has been an increased interest in angels. As Christian ministers, it is critical that we have an adequate biblical understanding of angels and be able to utilize discernment when dealing with angelic encounters. A parishioner at Oak Hill Uni Xerox Case Study Analysis Xerox Case Study Analysis The challenge facing Xerox and its management is complex, challenging and probably not unique. The company had been dependent on its highly trained sales force to turn a profit on their existing products and had not focused on new product opportunities until the develop Premium 1039 Words 5 Pages Case Study Case Study Analysis Summary ABC, Inc. recruiter Carl Robins has been given the task of recruiting new hires for his company. With only a few months experience himself, Carl has hired 15 new employees to work for Monica Carrolls. Carls responsibilities include organizing information and prepa Premium 825 Words 4 Pages Tylenol Case Study. Tylenol Case Study The discipline of public relations is a modern profession which has been in existence for only close to a century; however, it has already taken an important role in the fields of business, government, entertainment and non-profit organizations including educational institutions Premium 1457 Words 6 Pages Case Study, Sas Institute Inc. Case Study, SAS Institute Inc. The management culture is a very important factor in the imprinting of a company: it shapes the relationship between working environment and employee satisfaction. I will answer a few questions regarding the SASs particular strategy of running the business in which t Premium 1085 Words 5 Pages Case Study Executive Summary Background Carl Robins, the new campus recruiter for ABC, Inc. recruited several new hires in early April to work for Monica Carrolls, the Operations Supervisor. He scheduled the new hire orientation to take place June 15, with all the new hires working by July. On May 15, Carl Premium 1203 Words 5 Pages Case Study Analyses: the Gap, Inc. The central purpose of writing this Case Study Analyses on The Gap, Inc. is to identify and isolate key issues and their underlying implications and offer practical solutions and plans for implementing those solutions. This will be done by highlighting the social influences that influence the G Premium 1676 Words 7 Pages Case Study Anaylsis Case study analysis In large companies there is a huge amount of production that relays on communication between employees and managers. The employees involved with the companies must also posses good organizational skills in order to keep all of the tasks in order for a great turn out at the end Premium 843 Words 4 Pages Case Study: Halliburton Corp. and the Issue of Politics Case Study: Halliburton Corp. and the issue of politics. This case study examines Halliburton Corps current strategy for expanding operations in the Libyan oil market in respect to choosing locations overseas, and integrating successfully with the local community.

Amul as a brand name

Amul as a brand name Company information Amul as a brand name is familiar to almost every individual in India, Amul is known for its quality products purity and hygiene. For over more than the past 50 years Amul has been serving the consumers of India with a variety of quality products. Amul follows a business model to provide products to customers which provides value for money to the consumer. Amul has enjoyed its status of market leader in products like butter, cheese and dry milk, by providing customers with quality products at competitive prices. It is one of the largest food products manufacturing organisation of India. It is a Dairy Cooperative of Gujarat, also known as The Gujarat Cooperative milk marketing federation Ltd. Gujarat as a state of India is a leader in organizing dairy cooperatives and its success is not only limited in India but acts as a model for rest of the World. Over the last fifty odd years, Dairy Cooperatives in Gujarat have created an economic network that connects more than 2.8 million village milk producers with million of consumers in India and abroad through a cooperative system. These cooperatives collect on an average 7.5 million litres of milk per day from the producers. Amul has brought a significant change in social and economic situation of our rural people. The Dairy Cooperatives have helped to bring an end to the exploitation of farmers and has increased the level of benefits to our rural producers of milk. The turnover of Amul during 2008-09 was Rs. 67.11 billion. Amul currently markets the products which are produced by the district milk unions in 30 dairy plants which work under the renowned brand name Amul. The total production capacity of these plants is 11.6 million litres per day, four of the dairy plants mentioned are having processing capacity of more than 1 million Litres per day. The Gujarat Cooperative milk marketing federation Ltd.(Amuls) Total Quality Management ensures that the quality of products meets its standards right from the starting place of milk producer through the value chain until it reaches the consumer thus Amul is trying to provide value to its customers which not only satisfies the customer needs but delights the customer. Amul cannot be considered as business enterprise which works primarily for the generation of profits. It is an institution created by the milk producers to primarily safeguard their economic and social interest. Business houses generate profits in order to distribute profit to shareholders in shape of dividend, whereas in case of Amul the surplus is ploughed back and distributed back to farmers through village societies. Amul has time and again came up with innovative advertising which has helped Amul to develop itself as a brand which appeals people with assurance of its quality. The creative advertisement of Amul has created a position of its products which is generating higher sales for Amul. For 30 odd years Amuls Utterly Butterly girl has managed to keep her fan following intact, the advertisements are now ready to enter the Guinness Book of World Records for being the longest running campaign ever. Business Mission As we take strides towards our future, we need a mission which create an objective for our organization so that we can direct our efforts in order to achieve organizational growth, this mission must be backed up by a set of action plans which may help us in achieving our objectives in a best possible manner Amul has prepared a comprehensive roadmap in order to guide that the dairy cooperatives of Gujarat to have a group turnover of Rs. 27000 crores by the year 2020. The company is planning on its expansion and through expansion the company will create fresh avenues for growth by catering to the rising demand for new products, this would include increasing the capacity for major product categories including milk powders, Ice-cream, paneer, cheese, curd, ghee and other dairy products. Milk drying capacity will also be enhanced. in order to to strengthen the presence of company in the large market, for liquid milk Special emphasis will be given to metropolitan cities.The company is plan ning to double its processing capacity of its plants to 20.7 million kg per day.The basic raw material of Amul products is milk and for increasing milk production nutritious feed should be provided to animals. For this very purpose the company is planning to expand its cattlefeed manufacturing capacity by 2020. Amuls achievement of its mission will not only be beneficial for the organization but it will be helpful for the development of economy as a whole. Marketing objective As a company the marketing objective of Amul is to provide quality products to the customers that satisfies their requirements. The company is manufacturing only those products which are not hazardous for the human consumption. In food items Amul is providing nutritious and good quality food to its customers at affordable prices, which is one of the main reason of its quality image in the mind of consumer. With the introduction of noodles to our product range we are providing a healthier product for our customers in shape of noodles with varied tastes and flavours. Regarding our sales objective we have set aggressive yet achievable objectives for the first, second and continuing years of the launch of our product . First year objective ( jan 2010 to dec 2010) We want to achieve sales for 40% of our existing capacity gaining at least 20% of market. It will be backed by strong advertisement and sales promotion as at least 20% of customers of the total market share may not be loyal towards a certain brand of noodles Second an continuing year objectives (JAN 2011 TO DEC 2011) We want to achieve at least 10% growth in sales on quarterly basis. Marketing plan Organizations use marketing plans for several purposes, which are connected with creation and retention of a customer. Several purposes for which marketing plans are used are : Finding out the market for the products. Tastes and preferences in terms of customer likings. Competitors their strengths and weaknesses. Outlining a plan for getting and retaining customers. Recognizing and predicting change. The main feature of a good marketing plan are: To know the customer. What he likes and what he doesnt like. What he expects out of a product. Know your competition, related products, strengths and weaknesses. Determining these factors can help you understand the strengths and weaknesses of your competitor, needs wants and desires of a customer and changes in the market. A marketing plan should be able to cover all of the above features so as to be successful in terms of achievement of objective In order to make a successful marketing plan it should follow the following steps Remember the four Ps of marketing. To obtain your goal, your plan should consider product, price, place and promotion. Describe your target market. This can be done in many ways including segmenting on the basis of: age, gender, career, income level or where customers live. Recognize your competition. This can be done through market research data, product demand, determining strengths and weaknesses of competitors. Define your product, and try describing it from a customers point of view. Successful marketers know or have some idea of what their customers want or expect from them, companies working on the needs of the customers and marketing products keeping in view customer values usually experience a rapid increase in sales. Make a marketing budget for your plan. This is one of the necessary step in market plan as companies become prepared for what they have to spend on advertisements as it includes money needed for advertising and promotions, materials and a list of media use, as a practical marketing plan needs money. Create a pricing strategy. A company should also develop a pricing strategy, by doing this, you can get a complete knowledge of how to price your product, whether it is in line with competitors price and how you can bring the prices in line. To be successful, you should have a well-planned strategy, establish your policies, and always check prices and operating costs in order to maximize profits. Make an efficient promotional strategy. An efficient promotional strategy can be helpful for the cause of the organization which can lead to increased sales like advertisements in magazines, TV, radio, etc. your strategy should use different outlets to advertise and continue using the ones that work in order to reap high benefits. Existing product range: Situation Analysis FMCG as an industry has had a vast development in terms of the type of products, increasing competition and increasing change in techonology. Due to the ever increasing customer requirements for the processed foods it has created tremendous increase in the production of processed foods. Products launched by Amul during the early 2000 were Amul Pizza, Cheese and Amul slice cheese, Amul ice-cream etc. Amul ice cream has now became the 2nd largest brand in the country and has taken major share in its existing markets in a short period of time. Amuls ice-cream manufacturing unit is located at Gandhinagar which is considered to be Asias largest and most modern integrated ice-cream manufacturing plant. Amul has became very popular due to its excellent and dynamic marketing strategies. Amuls marketing strategy is to understand the needs of the consumer and produce such products that provide superior value to the customer at a very low price. Amul has created an excellent distribution channe l to provide its products to the consumers who are living in the nooks and corners of the country, thus its products available in each part India. Amul is currently producing ready to serve soups like Masti Tomato Soup Masti Hot Sour Soup and is planning to launch noodles as this marketing plan is being prepared for the introduction of noodles into the market by Amul. Before diversification it is good for the firm to analyse competitors, and in order to analyse the competition in India it should compare its product with maggi, as it has been the most successful brand of noodles in India the company should also consider its strengths opportunities weaknesses opportunities and threats. Competitors As this marketing plan has been prepared for the launch of noodles by Amul, it is better to consider the competition the competition in this very segiment. In india the market leader for noodles is Maggi, Maggi has been familiar to every individual in India for more than 25 years. Maggi as a brand came up in 1983 , this brand has been able to create a market for itself as when it was launched it was a new product for Indians. Maggi made noodle a household product by generating its requirement in the masses in India. To lay an emphasis on its silver jubilee, Maggi is running an advertisement campaign Me Meri Maggi. The new campaign is designed to be interactive with the brand, inviting its consumers to share interesting stories Maggi which have a linking in their life. Maggi became a successful product because it understood the needs, wants and desires of the consumers. Maggi slowly attached itself to Indian consumers needs without disruption of his other food habits. Maggi took into consideration preferences of the consumes, as when consumers wanted healthy food, Maggi launched Atta Noodle. Maggi over these years have made lot of mistakes due to its experiments which it has been time and again trying to make with its products. Although there are other competitors for noodles in India like Top Ramen and Chings veg noodles but they are having a limited market share in the Indian market SWOT Analysis Strengths Increasing demand of existing products: A high demand is expected in milk and milk products in future due to the increasing income of the consumers as milk is considered as a necessary product, the demand will increase with the development of an economy, and the projections from various analysts state that India has good prospects to develop in the coming years, thus the sales of Amul are expected to increase over a period of time. Well established brand image: Amul has been able to maintain its value in the mind of consumers in such a way that it is considered as one of the most loyal brands, which will be one of the major strengths of Amul to generate sales for its newly launched related products if the company wishes to diversify in related product lines. High profit and low per unit Margins: Amul is earning a reasonable profit, even on packed liquid milk, it is enjoying the benefits of economies to scale. Whereas the margins per unit limit the entry of potential entrants as it may be a high risk situation for them to enter the market with a low percentage of profits. Flexibility of product lines: Amul has been adding a wide range of products to its product line and has had a high success rate in its diversification, therefore it is providing an option of producing other related products in its diversified product lines. Availability of raw material and labour supply: There is abundant supply of raw material for Amul products in India, besides there is availability of cheap and skilled labour force in India which can lead to high productivity with minimal costs. Amul has a professionally trained human resource pool that possess good experience and varied technical skills. Increasing purchase power and changing tastes of the consumers: The robust economic growth has pushed the disposable incomes of the consumers, 45 per cent of which are spent on food items. In addition to this population growth is also playing a major role in triggering the demand with baby food items showing the great potential to grow at a faster pace The growing urbanisation, nuclear families, increasing number of working women, etc., are slowly influencing the consumption habits and patterns, shifting the consumer preferences in favour of ready-to-eat preparations, thus in turn accelerating the demand for these products and expanding the scope of the industry. Increasing number of NRI-supported families and NRIs themselves visiting the country apart from the increasing number of foreigners residing in the country, are also responsible for changing composition of the consumption basket to some extent, in turn boosting up the demand of food processing companies like Amul. Weaknesses Perishable nature of its products: the products of Amul are perishable in nature and there is a proper requirement of cold storage, the company on its part is playing a vital role for maintaining the freshness of their products but they can get disturbed through the supply of milk from vendors and the sellers of their products in the market although Pasteurization has overcome this weakness partially. Amul Dairy is also taking steps to store milk at the vendors end to improve life of its products. Uncertainty of availability of adequate raw material: There is little control over yield of milk and its price, as a lot depends upon the monsoon in our country. This is due to the reason that quality of cattle feed that would be produced will not be having the required nutrition that can lead to the high productivity of milk. Logistics and insufficient means of transport for perishable food items: Bad roads and inadequate transportation facility make transport of milk a problem. All these factors lead to perishing of the procured milk which can create problems for Amul, but with the overall development of Indian economy, these issues would also get resolved. Lack of adequate Infrastructure: The infrastructure available is not up to the current standards non-availability of adequate infrastructural facilities, like cold chain systems, refrigerated transport and cabinets, etc. Besides there is use of technology in various global dairies which start from the collection of milk up to its distribution to the end consumer which is one of the weakness of Amul Opportunities Processing raw materials for adding value: There is a vast scope for processing milk and making a variety of products from the same. Amul can come up with a diversified range of products as there is the availability of all primary resources like raw material, labour, finances etc, also with a well established brand image, Amul can produce related products and reap the profits from the same. Globalization And increasing Export potential: Amul is exporting its various products to various countries like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, and the Middle East. Opportunities for the export of agri-products are increasing in general and the increase in export of dairy products is also expected. Globalization has integrated the world market and has increased opportunities of various companies like Amul. Diversification into related products: Amul can diversify into related products which may be already in the market, it may take a large chunk of the market share from the existing producers due to its brand image, which can help in generating the sales for its newly launched products. Threats Milk vendors can degrade the quality of raw milk: Milk vendors can pose a threat to the company as they are only concerned with the profit they are going to earn from milk. The quality of the milk is found to be poor as compared to the international standards. Companies like Amul have now to check the milk properly before it is sold to the end consumer. Threat form the global companies: Due to globalization a large number of multinational companies may get attracted towards manufacturing their products in India due to abundant availability of raw materials and cheap labour force, which may increase the competition for Amul. It may create shortage of milk in our country and can adversely affect the companies like Amul and the increase in the price due to shortage of milk may effect the end consumer. Use of technology by foreign companies and quality consciousness of foreign consumer: of Foreign companies are having improved technology like the collection of milk from cattle can be done with the help of machines this leads to efficiency in terms of less wastage of time and, further it is automatically disposed to various channels for processing or packaging of milk, ultimately this helps in higher productivity involving less variable costs of labour and ultimately low cost of production. However this type if system is not yet prevailing in India. Many European customers emphasize on the collection of milk through machines due to their quality consciousness. Because of these reasons they are reducing the market potential of Indian milk products. The study of this SWOT analysis displays that the strengths and opportunities of Amul outweigh its weaknesses and threats. Amul has a big market share in India where as in European nations it can create its market demand by making the products which satisfy their standards. Thus any investment idea can generate profits for you if a company is having three essential ingredients of: The ability to take risks as an entrepreneur. An innovative approach in product lines and marketing. Maintenance of quality and considering ethics and society. Target market identification and strategy In a market different consumers have varying needs and wants, every person may not like the same food due to their varying tastes and preferences, therefore marketers start dividing the markets into various segments. They identify the features of various consumers who may require the same products and services by checking their utility for the product, like if a marketers starts marketing of newspaper to illiterate, cigarette to non smokers etc, the sellers products will not satisfy any need of consumer and hence the consumer will not purchase the product. Thus a marketer should properly segment the market on the basis of needs and requirements of the consumer in order to determine his target market. In case of noodles we will segment the markets on the basis of age which would determine the target market for our company. We have further fragmented our target market on the basis of tastes of people, some of the prospective customers may like sweet dishes where as some among the people in our target market may like salty dishes whereas there are others who prefer classic noodles with masala. Therefore in order to cater to all the fragmented markets we are coming up with products for all of them in order to have maximum share of the market. In India potential consumers who consume noodles are the people who are of the age group of 3-20 years, and we would target the consumers from the same segment by framing our promotions and advertisement campaigns to attract people from the market segment based on the mentioned age group, by doing this we would be able to focus on the large chunk of people who consume noodles in large quantities and can be our prospective customers. This can onl y be achieved by creating awareness about the product through promotions and advertisements which composes the marketing mix of our company. Marketing mix Product We are manufactured 100% vegetarian noodles in order to target the wide market in India as a lot of people in India have only veg. food we have further prepared a lot of flavours of our noodles in order to give variety to customer. We have further fragmented our target market on the basis of tastes of people, some of the prospective customers may like sweet dishes where as some among the people in our target market may like salty dishes whereas there are others who prefer classic noodles with masala. Therefore in order to cater to all the fragmented markets we are coming up with products for all of them in order to have maximum share of the market. Our product is easy to cook and is at a price which is providing consumer surplus to our customers, thereby we provide value for the worth spent by our customer. If u are not able to cook anything and you are alone, our product can be prepared as they are easy to cook and takes just 2 minutes. The features which differentiate our products from that of our competitors are: Quality raw materials used It tastes great and is good for health Value for money Easy to cook Ready in 2 minutes Add anything you want (make your own recipe) 100% vegetarian Family packs at low prices Product launch information There are three variants in our product: sweet, salty and classic Out of the variants sweet and classic would be introduced in Market in the first stage, that is in the first year or on introduction,. Salty would be introduced during the following year Brand name of our product Branding is all about creating differences between products by letting the consumer differentiate the similar products himself. In order to make a branding strategy successful and to create a brand value, consumers must be convinced there are meaningful differences among brands in the product or service category. The name of our noodles have been set in order to give the buyer a clear idea of the manufacturer, as we are having a good reputation in the market, our newly introduced products that are having a similar name of that of the company may generate huge sales in the initial stage of its launch. We have given brand name of our noodles as Amul classic noodles, Amul sweet noodles and after one year of our successful launch of our product we are going to launch Amul salty noodles, thus the branding strategy which would be used gives corporate name combined with individual product name of the company. Place/ Distribution: Amul noodles will be set out for sale in India for the first year of its launch. During the first year of its launch we will plan for the various nations where the availability of our product will generate some demand by considering the values and needs in those countries. Further we are planning to launch our noodles in Asian nations in the second or third year of the launch of our product which will be determined by the market demand of our product in India. Regarding the distribution channel of our product we already have an existing distribution channel where we sell our products to a distributor and then he further sells the products to a whole seller and then to retailer we have specified the margins separately for each of them, our existing channel of distribution is well established and cover almost all the parts of India. Therefore we would consider our existing distribution channel for our noodles so as to make our product available in the market in a very short period of time. We can see from figure that Amuls distribution channel is simple and clear. The products move through three parties before it reaches to the final consumer. First of all the products are stored at the Agents or distributors and who are mere facilitators in the network. Then the products are sold to wholesale dealers, then they sell the same to retailers and then the product finally reaches the consumers. Distribution Channel Promotion Objectives of Promotion Strategies Before determining the promotion strategies, we need to be very clear about what are the objectives we need to achieve through promotion. Therefore we would first determine the objective behind the promotion of our product, this helps in devising a promotional strategy which is in line with its objectives. The main objective for the promotion of our product is to generate sales, though the objective of promotion is also to some extent determined by our target market, therefore we would devise promotional campaigns that have an impact on the target market. Then we identify the channels for promotion which include various media for advertisement. Which include: Online Advertisement Television Advertisement Radio Advertisement Newspaper Advertisement Pamphlets Sign boards Posters catalogues Marketing Campaigns Price According to economic theories the price of a product determines its demand in the market, thus a firm should be able to visualise its demand for a product before setting its price so as to set a price where it is at least able to reach its break-even point. The different prices for our variants in noodles are set, although they have the same manufacturing costs involved. We have set a price for our classic noodles equivalent to the price of noodles of current market leader in noodles i-e Maggi. We have set such a price to take a share in market of those customers who are loyal towards our brand Amul, and the pricing strategy in the future years will be determined by our relative share in the market. Whereas for our Amul sweet noodles, we have set a high price in the initial stage as there is no availability of sweet noodles in the market and our product will be the first of its kind, so the people will be ready to pay higher price, consequently this can induce competition in the market, therefore we will have to revise the pricing strategy of our sweet noodles accordingly. Determination of price The Cost price is estimated at Rs 5 per 100gm per packet which includes cost of raw material, labour, duties excise , sales tax, transportation costs and cost of packaging and other indirect expenses including advertisements. The retail selling price (Mrp.) for the same will be set at Rs 9 for our classic noodles .The product will be sold to distributor at Rs 6 who will, after having the margin of 80 Paise sell it to whole seller at Rs 6.80. the whole seller will inturn sell the same to retailer at 7.50, and at last it can be purchased by the end consumer from retailer at Rs 9. Whereas our sweet noodles will have Mrp. of Rs 15 per packet, This product will be sold to distributor at Rs10 who will, after having his margin sell it to the whole seller at Rs 11.20, the whole seller will in turn sell the same to retailer at 13, and at last it can be purchased by the end consumer from retailer at Rs 15. Implementation, evaluation and control Bibliography http://www.mydigitalfc.com/companies/capital-foods-launch-ready-cook-meals-384 http://finance.indiainfo.com/2009/04/07/0904071821_nestle_to_add_maggi_variants.html www.amul.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amul http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing_plan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maggi_noodles http://blogs.siliconindia.com/atuldeshpande/Celebrating_25_Years_of_Presense_Maggi_Noodles-bid-V9YZX6We51613711.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/6519321/Maggi-2-minute-noodle